Agliena
By 'Ghienna', Leonardo draws the course of the Agliena on maps RL 12278 and RL 12277 (Windsor Castle). The torrent traverses the Communes of Barberino Val d'Elsa and Certaldo, where the coordinates were taken at the point of confluence with the Elsa.
Bagni di Mommialla
By 'Mumilla', Leonardo indicates Bagni di Mommialla, in the Commune of Gambassi Terme.
Barberino Val d'Elsa
Leonardo represents and indicates the castle of Barberino Val d'Elsa, on the royal Roman road between Val di Pesa and Valdelsa, the homeland of Andrea da Barberino, author of the chivalric romance "Guerrino detto il Meschino", published at Padua in 1473, which Leonardo mentions in Madrid Ms. II (f. 2v).
Barbialla
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Barbialla, in the Commune of Montaione.
Cambiano
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Cambiano, in the Commune of Empoli.
Camporbiano
By 'Caporbiano' Leonardo indicates the stronghold of Camporbiano, in the Commune of Gambassi Terme.
Casole d'Elsa
By "Casoli", Leonardo indicates the castle of Casole d'Elsa, depicting the fortress on which Francesco of Giorgio Martini also probably worked, around 1487. In the Museum of Religious Art are works from the circle influenced by Leonardo's art, from Girolamo del Pacchia to Sodoma.
Castel San Gimignano
Leonardo represents and indicates Castel San Gimignano, in the Commune of Colle di Val d'Elsa, a typical fourteenth-century fortification.
Castelfiorentino
This locality is indicated on maps RL 12278 and mentioned in the Codex Leicester (ff. 8v and 9v) for its timber and for its fossil seashells; in the Codex Atlanticus (f. 1112 v) Leonardo recalls Castelfiorentino, instead, as the birthplace of the miniator Vante di Francesco.
Castelnuovo d'Elsa
Leonardo represents and indicates Castelnuovo d'Elsa, in the Commune of Castelfiorentino.
Catignano
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Catignano, in the Commune of Gambassi Terme.
Certaldo
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Certaldo, the birthplace of Boccaccio, on map RL 12278 and in the Codex Arundel (f. 191r) he mentions 'Lattanzio Tedaldi', son of the humanist Francesco, magistrate at Certaldo in 1503.
Colle di Val d'Elsa
By 'Colle', Leonardo indicates, on map RL 12278, the town of Colle di Val d'Elsa; this locality is also mentioned in the Codex Atlanticus (f. 80r) in relation to the Sienese siege of November 1479, whose severe consequences led to the reinforcement of the circle of walls within the context of a more general modernising of the defensive system of the Medicean State.
Collegalli
By 'Collegale', Leonardo indicates the stronghold of Collegalli, in the Commune of Montaione.
Elsa
Leonardo draws the course of the Elsa on maps RL 12278 and RL 12277. The river flows through the Communes of: Barberino Val d'Elsa, Castelfiorentino, Certaldo, Empoli, Gambassi Terme, San Miniato, Casole d'Elsa, Colle of Val d'Elsa, Monteriggioni, Poggibonsi, San Gimignano, and Sovicille. The coordinates were taken at the point of confluence with the Arno, in the vicinity of Marcignana.
Gambassi Terme
By "Ganbassi", Leonardo indicates the castle of Gambassi Terme. This center is known not only for the thermal waters of Pillo and the Romanesque Pieve of Santa Maria a Chianni, but also for its production of glassware (Andrea del Sarto painted the "Portrait of Domenico da Gambassi, known as Becuccio bicchieraio ") (glassmaker), whose diffusion in the towns of the Valdelsa has become concentrated, in modern times, in the localities of Empoli and Colle Val d'Elsa.
Linari
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Linari, in the Commune of Barberino Val d'Elsa.
Marcialla
Leonardo represents and indicates the castle of Marcialla, in the Commune of Barberino Val d'Elsa. The church of Santa Maria has frescoes of a certain importance, among them a "Pietà" attributed by local tradition to the young Michelangelo Buonarroti.
Montaione
Leonardo represents and indicates the castle of Montaione, a centre of Roman origin and medieval structure. Notable in the surroundings is the Renaissance Sacro Monte di San Vivaldo, with terracotta works of the Della Robbia school, attributed to the seventeenth-century sculptor known as Cieco da Gambassi.
Pietra
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Pietra, in the Commune of Montaione, near Botro delle Penere and the sanctuary and the stronghold of Pietrina (where the coordinates were taken). Today a ruin, it is near the road that leads to Torri and to Palagio.
Poggibonsi
By 'Poggibonizi', Leonardo indicates the stronghold of Poggibonsi, where in 1488, Lorenzo the Magnificent commissioned Giuliano da Sangallo to build the fortress of Poggio Imperiale.
Rovine di Castelvecchio
Leonardo represents and indicates Castelvecchio, an archaeological site in the Commune of San Gimignano, which made it a fortress against its enemy Volterra. Over the course of the years the fortified town lost its strategic importance, also due to an epidemic of plague in 1485. At present, there remain the circle of walls, the tower that defended the main gate, the ruins of houses and mills and the Romanesque church of S. Frediano (with traces of frescoes dating from 1275).
San Gimignano
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of San Gimignano and indicates in its vicinity the locality of Pietrafitta, still existing today as a farm.
Santa Maria Novella
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Santa Maria Novella, still with its distinctive 'mandorla' shape, in the Commune of Certaldo.
Santo Stefano
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Santo Stefano, in the Commune of Montaione.
Staggia
Leonardo represents and indicates the castle of Staggia, in the Commune of Poggibonsi, which takes its name from the nearby watercourse. It was a Sienese fortification, later enlarged and reinforced by the Florentines.
Staggia (torrent)
Leonardo represents and indicates the course of the Staggia on maps RL 12278 and RL 12277; it flows through the Communes of Castellina in Chianti, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Monteriggioni, Poggibonsi, and Radda in Chianti. The coordinates were taken at Poggibonsi, at its confluence with the Elsa, near Colle Val d'Elsa.
Tonda, Castellare di
By "Tonda", Leonardo represents and indicates Castellare di Tonda, in the Commune of Montaione, between Evola and Valdera.
Varna
Leonardo represents and indicates the stronghold of Varna, in the Commune of Gambassi Terme.
Vico d'Elsa
Leonardo represents and indicates the castle of Vico d'Elsa, in the Commune of Barberino Val d'Elsa. Between Vico, Barberino and Marcialla stood the splendid imperial city of Semifonte, razed to the ground by the Florentines in 1202.