Officially instituted in 1928, but actually created in the late 19th century, the Leonardian Library of Vinci is today one of the most highly qualified documentation centres on the work of Leonardo. In addition to organising, since 1961, the "Vincian Lectures" in which the most eminent scholars confront the questions of Leonardo's thought, the Library possesses some bibliographical collections of great value: that of Gustavo Uzielli (the most important Leonardo scholar in the late 19th-early 20th century), the correspondence of the scholar Giovan Battista Venturi and facsimile reproductions of the works, the manuscripts and the drawings of Leonardo. The Library contains books published all over the world and documents on the work of Leonardo da Vinci.

The activities of the Leonardian Library and the Museum are closely closely connected, insofar as they are centres of study and research on the work of Leonardo.