The Poggiolo Spring at Arcidosso is an elegant cast-iron fountain in the form of a neo-Gothic tempietto. Designed by Francesco Leoni, it was cast in 1833 in the "Imperial and Royal Foundry of Follonica". Originally placed in the main square at Grosseto, it was removed in 1846 to make room for a monument dedicated to Grand Duke Leopold II of Lorraine; the parts were disassembled and reassembled in the little square of Poggiolo at Arcidosso.

Indirectly associated to Arcidosso is the name of Galileo Galilei, due to a "literary passion" of his. In the town on the slopes of Mount Amiata, in fact, Giovanni Domenico Peri, a peasant poet who composed his verses in the time left free from his work in the fields, was born in 1564. Galileo became interested in his poems in ottava rima during the years of his stay in Padua, as can be seen from a letter sent by Ciampoli to the Pisan scientist on July 24, 1610, informing him that Peri, although overwhelmed with gifts from the Grand Duke and Duchess who wanted him at their court, had no intention of leaving his land, for him the only source of inspiration: "There seemed dried up for him, for this heat, - wrote Ciampoli - the springs of Helicon, which he was used to find among the woods and fountains of Arcidosso, from where however he refuses to depart, despite the very courteous invitation of their Most Serene Patrons, who have given him a number of books, clothing for his family, and four more bushels of wheat".