From the mid-eighteenth century onward, one of the most common types of electrostatic machine was the plate model, which remained in use until the early twentieth century, at least for demonstration and teaching purposes.

Despite differences in shape and construction details, these machines displayed a set of common features: a disk, typically of glass, revolving on an axis fitted with a handle; one or more pairs of small leather cushions stuffed with horsehair or felt to rub the disk; and a pair of combs. These served to transfer the electric charges from the disk to the prime conductor, consisting of one or more hollow brass cylinders on which the charges accumulated.

When the disk is rotated, it is rubbed by the cushions, which charges the glass with positive electricity. Through electrostatic induction, the comb tips accumulate the negative charges, which tend to neutralize the positive charges on the glass. In this manner, the metal conductors to which the combs are connected become positively charged. By placing a grounded electrode near the combs, one can trigger a powerful spark, which instantly discharges the machine.

Globe and cylinder electrostatic generators, despite their different shapes, function in exactly the same manner.