The Museum documents aspects distinctive of peasant culture in the southern plains of Tuscan Maremma, especially as regards the period ranging from the early 20th century to the Land Reform. Special attention is focussed on the subject of immigration, from nearby areas and from the rest of Tuscany, as well as from regions such as Abruzzo and Veneto. The displays include literary passages (Federigo Tozzi, Carlo Cassola, Ignazio Silone, Luciano Bianciardi and others) and iconographic documents (paintings and old photographs) illustrating three historic stages: the draining of the swamps, land reclamation, and the Land Reform.

The first room illustrates peasant life in the early 20th century. The second room records the work carried out in the Orbetello territory by the Osa-Albegna Land Reclamation Consortium, starting from 1929 (embankment of rivers, building bridges, drainage canals and other hydraulic engineering projects). Part of the second room and all of the third one are dedicated to the Land Reform implemented in the Tuscany-Lazio district during the 1950s.